Impuesto de Sucesiones (Inheritance Tax)

Important: Spanish succession follows two distinct paths depending on whether the deceased left a valid will (testate) or not (intestate). The intestate path requires a Declaration of Intestate Heirs (Declaración de Herederos Abintestato) — a step not needed when a will exists. Learn more about the succession process →

Spain’s inheritance tax is one of the most complex areas of Spanish law for expats, because the rate you pay depends not just on what you inherit, but on where the assets are located, where the deceased was resident, your relationship to the deceased, your pre-existing wealth, and which Autonomous Community’s rules apply. Some regions (Andalusia, Madrid, Valencia since 2023) have effectively eliminated inheritance tax for close family members, while others can impose rates of up to 34% with multipliers pushing the effective rate even higher.

Who Pays?

Inheritance tax in Spain is paid by the heir, not by the estate. Each heir is individually assessed based on the value of what they receive, their relationship to the deceased, and the applicable regional rules. Spouses, children, and close family members benefit from the largest reductions. More distant relatives and unrelated beneficiaries face higher rates and fewer exemptions.

Key Facts About Inheritance Tax in Spain

• Filing deadline: 6 months from the date of death (extendable to 12 months with a request within the first 5 months)
• Andalusia: 99% reduction for Group I and II heirs (spouse, children, parents) since 2019 — effectively zero tax
• Madrid: 99% reduction for close family members
• Catalonia: reductions are less generous — effective rates can be significant for large estates
• Non-residents inheriting Spanish assets can apply the most favourable regional rules (since CJEU ruling 2014)
• Life insurance proceeds paid on death are included in the inheritance tax calculation
• The tax must be paid before the inheritance can be registered at the Land Registry or distributed

Related Legal Terms

• Legítima (Forced Heirship Portion)
• Testamento Abierto (Open Will)
• Aceptación de Herencia (Acceptance of Inheritance)
• Plusvalía Municipal (Municipal Capital Gains Tax)
• Back to Legal Encyclopedia — A-Z Guide

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Need Help with Impuesto de Sucesiones?

Our bilingual legal team assists expats across Spain with every aspect of impuesto de sucesiones. We handle the paperwork, liaise with Spanish authorities on your behalf, and make sure nothing falls through the cracks.

This entry is part of our Legal Encyclopedia for Expats in Spain. Browse the full A-Z guide for more terms.

For a complete overview of taxation in Spain, see our Your Guide to Spanish Tax.